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- <text id=89TT2671>
- <title>
- Oct. 16, 1989: Time For A New Temple?
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Oct. 16, 1989 The Ivory Trail
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- RELIGION, Page 64
- Time for a New Temple?
- </hdr><body>
- <p>Traditionalist Jews hope to rebuild their sacred edifice, but a
- mosque and centuries of enmity stand in the way
- </p>
- <p>By Richard N. Ostling
- </p>
- <p> May it be Thy will that the Temple be speedily rebuilt in
- our days . . .
- </p>
- <p> That plea to God, recited three times a day in Jewish
- prayers, expresses a yearning that makes Jerusalem's Temple
- Mount potentially the most volatile 35 acres on earth. Though
- 19 centuries have passed since Roman troops obliterated Herod's
- gilded Temple, the Mount remains the object of intense Jewish
- reverence. But for the past 13 centuries the same trapezoidal
- tract has also been Islam's holiest site after Mecca and Medina:
- its Al Aqsa Mosque and Dome of the Rock honor the spot whence
- the Prophet Muhammad is said to have ascended to the seventh
- heaven. Christians too hold in awe this place where Jesus
- walked. Now a controversy has arisen over whether, and when, a
- new Jewish Temple should be built.
- </p>
- <p> Temple reconstruction was no issue until 1967, when Israel
- captured the Mount and the Old City. Eager to preserve peace,
- Israel continues to allow Muslims to administer the site. They
- permit no Jew or Christian to pray openly on the holy ground,
- nor will they consider allowing even the simplest synagogue or
- church. The merest hint of rebuilding the Temple is considered
- an outrage by the Prophet's followers, who, in the words of an
- official at Al Aqsa, "will defend the Islamic holy places to the
- last drop of their blood."
- </p>
- <p> Jewish sensitivities also hinder reconstruction. Israel's
- Chief Rabbis forbid Jews to set foot on the Mount lest they
- accidentally step on the site of the ancient Holy of Holies,
- where only the high priest entered, once a year. In addition,
- there are various views over how and when a new Temple could or
- should be raised. The Babylonian Talmud offers conflicting
- opinions, but Rashi, the great medieval sage, insisted that the
- Temple must descend directly from heaven when the Messiah comes.
- On the other hand, tradition holds that God's biblical command
- to build the Temple is irrevocable, and the Jerusalem Talmud
- says Jews may construct an intermediate edifice before the
- Messianic era. A 1983 newspaper poll showed that a surprising
- 18.3% of Israelis thought it was time to rebuild; a mere 3%
- wanted to wait for the Messiah.
- </p>
- <p> Next week Israel's Ministry of Religious Affairs will
- sponsor a first ever Conference of Temple Research to discuss
- whether contemporary Jews are obligated to rebuild. However,
- several small organizations in Jerusalem believe the question
- is settled. They are zealously making preparations for the new
- Temple in spite of the doctrinal obstacles and the certainty of
- provoking Muslim fury.
- </p>
- <p> These groups eschew violence but offer no explanation of
- what should be done about the Muslim shrines that now occupy the
- holy ground. They point out that animal sacrifices and other
- aspects of Temple worship are so ingrained in Judaism that they
- take up a third of the 613 biblical commandments, plus major
- portions of the Talmud and the daily ritual. Temple restoration
- is also a fixation for literal-minded Protestants, who deem a
- new Temple the precondition for Christ's Second Coming.
- </p>
- <p> Two Talmudic schools located near the Western (Wailing)
- Wall are teaching nearly 200 students the elaborate details of
- Temple service. Other groups are researching the family lines
- of Jewish priests who alone may conduct sacrifices. Next year
- an organizing convention will be held for those who believe
- themselves to be of priestly descent. Former Chief Rabbi Shlomo
- Goren, who heads another Temple Mount organization, believes his
- research has fixed the location of the ancient Holy of Holies
- so that Jews can enter the Mount without sacrilege. He insists,
- "I cannot leave this world without assuring that Jews will once
- again pray on the Mount."
- </p>
- <p> No group is more zealous than the Temple Institute, whose
- spiritual leader, 50-year-old Rabbi Israel Ariel, was one of
- the first Israeli paratroopers to reach the Mount in 1967. "Our
- task," states the institute's American-born director, Zev Golan,
- "is to advance the cause of the Temple and to prepare for its
- establishment, not just talk about it."
- </p>
- <p> During six years of research, the institute has
- reconstructed 38 of the ritual implements that will be required
- when Temple sacrifices are restored; it will complete the other
- 65 items as funds permit. A museum of the completed pieces has
- drawn 10,000 visitors during the current holy days. In addition
- to such items as trumpets, lyres and lots, the institute is
- preparing vestments for the priests-in-waiting. According to
- Scripture, the clothing must be painstakingly made with flax
- spun by hand into six-stranded threads.
- </p>
- <p> One difficulty is the requirement (as in Numbers 19:1-10)
- that priests purify their bodies with the cremated ashes of an
- unblemished red heifer before they enter the Temple. Following
- a go-ahead from the Chief Rabbinate, institute operatives spent
- two weeks in August scouting Europe for heifer embryos that
- will shortly be implanted into cows at an Israeli cattle ranch.
- </p>
- <p> As for rebuilding, none of the groups are believed to be
- stockpiling limestone and marble just yet. For years, however,
- a miniature Temple model has lured tourists to Jerusalem's
- Holyland Hotel, and the institute is preparing blueprints for
- a more authentic replica that will cost $1 million. All money
- for the various projects will come from Jews; Christian
- well-wishers are not allowed to contribute.
- </p>
- <p> To rabbis like Jerusalem's Pesach Schindler, such efforts
- are historically interesting but spiritually superfluous. A
- member of Judaism's Conservative branch, which shuns Orthodox
- literalism regarding the Temple, Schindler contends that
- "religion evolves. We have respect for the past, but it has no
- operational significance. With the establishment of the state
- of Israel, we have all our spiritual centers within us. That is
- where the Temples should be built."
- </p>
- <p> But historian David Solomon insists that a new Temple is
- essential: "It was the essence of our Jewish being, the
- unifying force of our people." The Temple Institute's Golan
- admits it may be a long time before the building rises. "No one
- can say how, and no one wants to do it by force. But sooner or
- later, in a week or in a century, it will be done. And we will
- be ready for it." He adds with quiet urgency, "Every day's delay
- is a stain on the nation."
- </p>
- <p>--Marlin Levin/Jerusalem
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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